Automated Guided Vehicles Motors

AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) trolley is a kind of handling equipment that does not require manual driving and can be operated by automatic navigation, which is widely used in industrial automation, warehousing and logistics, manufacturing workshops and other scenarios, and has the core purpose of automatic transportation, process docking, unmanned distribution, and intelligent scheduling.

Moreover, the AGV trolley does not need to rest, and can operate around the clock with the automatic charging system. The efficiency is increased by 4-6 times, saving a lot of human resource costs, and basically achieving zero errors.

As the "heart" and "muscle" of the AGV trolley, the performance of the motor directly affects the operating efficiency, reliability and life of the vehicle. The motor converts the battery electrical energy into mechanical kinetic energy, driving the AGV to complete actions such as moving, steering, loading and unloading. It is a veritable energy transformation center.

AGV trolley scene application

• Multi-modal navigation: support magnetic stripe, laser SLAM, visual recognition technology, accurate obstacle avoidance in narrow passages or dynamic environments (respond to obstacles within 5 meters within 0.2 seconds)

• Dynamic route optimization: Real-time route adjustment through WMS/MES system to adapt to changes in production rhythm (such as multi-vehicle co-line distribution in automobile factories).

• Internet of Things integration: Docking with the cloud platform to achieve dynamic task allocation, responding to 300% order peak fluctuation.

• Modular design: Reach forklift AGV and other variants are suitable for special needs such as high lift and large load

Motor selection type of AGV car

As a mobile platform that requires long-term stable operation and strong load-bearing capacity, AGV usually uses a combined driving solution of "motor + gearbox". The following explains the key technical points of the motor and the gearbox in AGV.

According to load, accuracy and scenario requirements, AGV motor types are divided into three categories: DC brushless motor, hub servo motor and AC servo motor

1.DC brushless motor: efficiency >90%, long life, noise <65dB, light medium load (<1 ton), used for conventional handling. Because of its low cost, it is the standard configuration of mainstream AGV motors

2.Hub servo motor: torque up to 210Nm, protection level IP55, heavy load (> 5 tons), able to meet high torque requirements, 10-ton AGV special, adapted to crawlers

3.AC servo motor: supports vector control, response speed <0.1s, high cost, and is used for top-level assembly scenarios

How to match the gearbox

AGV trolleys are mainly used for handling and transportation tasks, and their operation stability and drive system efficiency are highly dependent on the performance of the gearbox. The following are the specific requirements of AGVs for reducers:

1. High torque output

AGVs often need to carry heavy loads, and the starting load is large, so they must rely on the reducer to amplify the output torque of the motor;

For example, when a small AGV has a load of more than 300kg, the reduction ratio needs to reach 1:20 to 1:100.

2. Stable operation at low speed

The driving speed of AGV is usually slow (about 0.5m/s~1.5m/s), which requires the reducer to achieve low speed and high stable output;

When operating at low speeds, it is especially important to avoid jitter and gear back.

3. High efficiency and long life

The gearbox needs to have a good transmission efficiency (>90%) and adapt to long-term continuous operation;

The structure of high-strength alloy steel gear and needle roller bearing is adopted to effectively extend the service life.

4. Noise control

The accuracy of the gears and the assembly accuracy of the reducer determine the overall noise;

AGV has medium requirements for noise, usually the target is ≤60dB of the noise of the whole machine, and high-precision gear grinding can reduce the meshing sound between teeth.

5. Compact structure and flexible installation

AGV has a compact space, and there are strict restrictions on the volume and shape of the reducer;

Right-angle output type (such as worm gear and worm) or coaxial planetary reducer is mostly used to achieve side-mounted or under-mounted installation.

6. High level of protection

The working environment may involve dust and moisture, and it is often necessary to achieve IP54/IP65 protection level;

The gearbox needs to have a good sealing structure to prevent oil leakage and dust ingress.

In addition, special attention should be paid to scene adaptation, and low reduction ratios should be selected for narrow space operations to improve control flexibility. In heavy-duty climbing scenarios, a high reduction ratio is selected to enhance torque output.

Matching core: The selection of the reducer needs to follow the principles of "torque redundancy> space adaptation> environmental protection > accuracy matching", combined with dynamic parameter calculation and scenario verification to ensure the stability and efficiency of the AGV power system